Who Owns Landing Slots At Heathrow

Who Owns Landing Slots At Heathrow Terminal
Who Owns Landing Slots At Heathrow Airlines

A landing slot, takeoff slot, or airport slot is a permission granted by the owner of an airport designated as Level 3 (Coordinated Airport), which allows the grantee to schedule a landing or departure at that airport during a specific time period.^[1]

Landing slots are allocated in accordance with guidelines set down by the IATA's Worldwide Airport Slots Group. All airports worldwide are categorized as either Level 1 (Non-Coordinated Airport), Level 2 (Schedules Facilitated Airport), or Level 3 (Coordinated Airport).

By retaining slots KLM also profits by leasing one or more of its Heathrow landing rights to other carriers. A good example being Nairobi-based Kenya Airways. International Airlines Group (IAG) – which owns British Airways - in early 2012. The EC agreed the takeover on 30 March subject to IAG releasing 14 pairs of slots at Heathrow, see: EC press notice, “. Apr 10, 2004 Britain's national carrier has a market value of £3.2bn but it also owns 40 per cent of the landing and take-off slots at Heathrow, which could be worth up to £2.5bn.

Pauma casino san diego ca. As of summer 2017, a total of 123 airports in the world are Level 2 airports, and 177 are Level 3 airports.^[2]

Allocated landing slots may have a commercial value and can be traded between airlines. Continental Airlines paid $209 million for four pairs of landing slots from GB Airways at London Heathrow Airport, $52.3m each.^[3] The highest price paid for a pair of take-off and landing slots at Heathrow Airport was $75m, paid by Oman Air to Air France–KLM for a prized early morning arrival, reported in February 2016. A year before, American Airlines paid $60m to Scandinavian Airlines.^[4]

Heathrow slot valuations^[5]
Year	Buyer	Seller	daily slot pairs	transaction (£M)	slot value (£M)
1998	BA	Air UK	4	15.6	3.9
2002	BA	BA Connect	5	13	2.6
2002	BA	SN Brussels	7	27.5	3.9
2003	BA	SWISS	8	22.5	2.8
2003	BA	United	2	12	6
2004	Virgin	Flybe	4	20	5
2004	Qantas	Flybe	2	20	10
2006	BA	BWIA	1	5	5
2007	BA	Malev	2	7	3.5
2007	BA	BA	7.3	30	4.1
2007	Virgin	Air Jamaica	1	5.1	5.1
2007	BMI	77.7	770	9.9
2007	unknown	Alitalia	3	67	22.3
2008	Continental	GB Airways/Alitalia/Air France	4	104.5	26.1
2013	Delta	unknown	2	30.8	15.4
2013	Etihad	Jet	3	46.2	15.4

As demand exceeds supply, slot trading became the main solution to enter Heathrow and transfers grew from 42 in 2000 to 526 in 2012 and over 10 years the average priced slot increased prices by £4 per passenger.^[6]

If an airline does not use an allocation of slots (typically 80% usage over six months), it can lose the rights. Airlines may operate ghost or empty flights to preserve slot allocations.^[7]

Level 3 coordinated airports^[2][edit]

Australia[edit]

Austria[edit]

Innsbruck Airport (winter season only)

Belgium[edit]

Brazil[edit]

Cambodia[edit]

Canada[edit]

Cape Verde[edit]

Colombia[edit]

Cuba[edit]

China[edit]

Czech Republic[edit]

Denmark[edit]

Finland[edit]

France[edit]

Germany[edit]

Ghana[edit]

Kotoka International Airport - Accra

Greece[edit]

Chania Airport (summer season only)
Chios Airport (summer season only)
Corfu Airport (summer season only)
Heraklion Airport (summer season only)
Kalamata Airport (summer season only)
Karpathos Island National Airport (summer season only)
Kavala Airport (summer season only)
Kephalonia International Airport (summer season only)
Kithira Airport (summer season only)
Kos Airport (summer season only)
Mykonos Airport (summer season only)
Mytilene Airport (summer season only)
Patras Airport (summer season only)
Preveza Airport (summer season only)
Rhodes Airport (summer season only)
Samos Airport (summer season only)
Sitia Public Airport (summer season only)
Skiathos Airport (summer season only)
Thira Airport (summer season only)
Volos Airport (summer season only)
Zakynthos International Airport (summer season only)

Greenland[edit]

Hong Kong[edit]

Iceland[edit]

India[edit]

Chhatrapati Shivaji International Airport - Mumbai
Indira Gandhi International Airport - Delhi
Chennai International Airport - Chennai
Rajiv Gandhi International Airport - Hyderabad
Kempegowda International Airport - Bangalore

Indonesia[edit]

Ngurah Rai International Airport - Denpasar
Soekarno-Hatta International Airport - Jakarta

Ireland[edit]

Israel[edit]

Italy[edit]

Lampedusa Airport (summer season only)
Linate Airport - Milan
Malpensa Airport - Milan
Orio al Serio Airport - Milan
Olbia Costa Smeralda Airport (summer season only)
Pantelleria Airport (summer season only)
Ciampino Airport - Rome
Fiumicino Airport - Rome

Japan[edit]

Malaysia[edit]

Mauritius[edit]

Sir Seewoosagur Ramgoolam International Airport - Mauritius

Mexico[edit]

Morocco[edit]

Netherlands[edit]

New Zealand[edit]

Norway[edit]

Pakistan[edit]

Philippines[edit]

Poland[edit]

Portugal[edit]

Faro Airport (summer season only)

Russia[edit]

Sheremetyevo Airport - Moscow
Vnukovo International Airport - Moscow

Saudi Arabia[edit]

Singapore[edit]

South Africa[edit]

King Shaka International Airport - Durban
OR Tambo International Airport - Johannesburg

South Korea[edit]

Spain[edit]

Ibiza Airport (summer season only)
Menorca Airport (summer season only)

Sri Lanka[edit]

Sweden[edit]

Switzerland[edit]

Taiwan[edit]

Thailand[edit]

Suvarnabhumi Airport - Bangkok
Don Mueang International Airport - Bangkok

Tunisia[edit]

Turkey[edit]

Antalya Airport - Antalya (summer season only)

Ukraine[edit]

Boryspil International Airport - Kiev

United Arab Emirates[edit]

United Kingdom[edit]

United States[edit]

John F. Kennedy International Airport - New York City
LaGuardia Airport (not on IATA list, but slot controlled)^[8]
Ronald Reagan Washington National Airport - Washington, D.C. (not on IATA list, but slot controlled)^[8]

Vietnam[edit]